Condensation is visible evidence of excessive moisture in the air. Â It may appear as water, frost, or ice on the interior surface of windows and doors. The warmer the air, the more water the air can hold, which means the air in the center of a room will hold more water than the air adjacent to the window or door walls, since this area is always cooler.
When the warm, moisture-laden air moves toward the cooler window or door wall, it becomes cooler and cannot hold the moisture it held when it was warm. The moisture then drops and appears as water on the glass and the frames of windows and doors. This occurs more frequently during the winter months due to the extreme difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures. If you wish to avoid condensation during the winter months, when the average outdoor temperature drops below 35â° F (2â °C), it would be wise to maintain a relative indoor humidity of 25% to 30%.
Ventilation is a very effective way to remove excess moisture from the air, which is why poorly insulated homes with older, air-leaking windows and doors often do not reveal condensation problems. This is because the air and moisture filters out through the gaps in older windows, doors, vents and other openings. Newer homes, which are constructed to meet current insulation standards and energy conservation requirements, or older homes which have been newly insulated through the addition of attic and basement insulation and the installation of insulated windows and doors, are now so airtight that they present a new problem.
All homes will, on occasion, have temporary condensation, which can result from the following three occurrences:
New Construction or Remodeling: Building materials contain a great deal of moisture. As soon as the heat is turned on, this moisture will flow out into the air and settle on windows, etc. Â This will usually disappear following the first heating season.
Humid Summers: During humid summers, houses absorb moisture. Â This will be apparent during the first few weeks of the subsequent heating season. Â Then the house should dry out.
Temperature change: Sharp, quick, and sudden drops in temperature, especially during the heating season, can cause moisture to form immediately but should dissipate in a short period of time.
It is not uncommon for homes with new insulated windows and doors to suddenly develop condensation problems. This is because the new insulated windows and doors don’t leak air like the older ones. The gaps in the original windows and doors were actually allowing air and moisture to escape the home, reducing the humidity to a point where it wasn’t visible on the interior surfaces. The moisture problem was always present, but the older, air-leaking windows and doors prevented it from being noticed.
If you have an existing moisture or condensation problem, do not count on correcting it merely by installing new windows or doors. You must remember that windows and doors do not cause condensation. Therefore, they cannot cure condensation.